INVESTIGATION OF NPY AND FTO GENE POLYMORPHISM IN INDIVIDUALS WITH METABOLIC SYNDROME: LITERATURE REVIEW

Abstract

Relevance. Conducting a comprehensive genetic study allows us to form a holistic picture of the genetic predictors of 
metabolic syndrome, which is considered important, since the priority area of modern healthcare is personalized medicine 
based on the identification of adequate genetic markers of the human body, which, in turn, determines the relevance of this 
study. 
The purpose of the study: Conducting a literature review on the problem of polymorphisms of neuropeptide Y and FTO 
(fat mass and obesity associated) genes in patients with metabolic syndrome. 
Research methods: During the literature review, 63 articles from the scientific databases Pubmed, Medline, Google 
Scholar, Embase, Web of Science published from 2018 to 2024 were analyzed. Keywords were used for the search: 
"metabolic syndrome", "polymorphism of the rs16147 gene (neuropeptide Y) in NPY", "Polymorphism of the FTO rs9939609 
gene". 
Results: In the course of research, scientists have proved that the polymorphism of the NPY rs16147 gene is associated 
with body weight, insulin resistance, serum adipokine levels and the risk of developing metabolic syndrome, obesity, diet, 
glucose and lipid metabolism and blood pressure indicators. Polymorphism of the FTO rs9939609 gene has shown in a study 
by scientists that obesity is an important genetic risk factor for the development of metabolic syndrome. 
Conclusions: In the literature review, polymorphism of the FTO rs9939609 metabolic syndrome gene and its association 
with components were identified in populations of China, Vietnam, Brazil, Iran, Turkey, Arabs, Mexico and Poland. The 
dependence of polymorphism of the FTO rs9939609 gene on obesity and type 2 diabetes has been studied in Kazakhstan. 
Despite the fact that the polymorphism of the RS16147 NPY gene has been sufficiently studied in the world and the 
connection with metabolic syndrome and its components has been shown, the results of similar studies conducted in 
Kazakhstan have not been found in the literature available to us. Thus, the analysis of literature data confirms the need for a 
comprehensive genetic study to form a holistic vision of the genetic predictors of metabolic syndrome.