PELVIC INJURIES IN SEMEY CITY: CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

Abstract

Introduction: pelvic injuries as part of a combined injury are a serious medical problem, the mortality rate from which, according to various authors, reaches 60% [1, 4] (Adam Starr, Joseph P. Miney, 2002). Although the prevalence of pelvic injuries is relatively low, accounting for about 16% of the total number of injuries [16], unstable pelvic fractures accompanied by shock and bleeding are particularly dangerous [20]. Only a limited number of publications are devoted to the epidemiology of pelvic injuries, including an analysis of the age and sex distribution of patients [14], the circumstances of the injury, anatomical localization of injuries, and other characteristics [3]. The purpose of this study is to conduct an epidemiological analysis of patients with pelvic bone injuries admitted to the emergency hospital in Semey, East Kazakhstan region (Kazakhstan). Material and methods: This study is a descriptive retrospective study within a single educational institution. The work was carried out within the framework of the grant financing of the project of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan: IRN AP05135531 “Development of a system of ortho-surgical rehabilitation of pelvic bone injuries in road accidents in the Republic of Kazakhstan.” A cross-sectional study was conducted. It included all cases of pelvic injuries (N = 250) for the period from 01.01.2013 to 31.12.2017. Results: The study included the results of an examination of 250 victims with pelvic bone injuries who underwent inpatient treatment at the Semey State Emergency Hospital from 01.01.2013 to 31.12.2017. 46.8% (117 people) of the victims were men, 53.2% (133 people) were women. Pelvic bone injuries were reported during the year: 20.8% (N = 52) in spring, 24.4% (N = 61) in winter, 22.4% (N = 56) in summer, and 32.4% (N = 81) in autumn. 93.2% (N =233) of the victims did not require surgical treatment, and 6.8% (N =17) were treated surgically. 97.2% (N = 243) of the injured were discharged. Conclusion: Traffic accidents and falls from heights are the main causes of pelvic injuries, which highlights the need for stricter traffic rules compliance. The distribution of injuries according to the AO-Tile classification showed a predominance of type A (54.4%) and type B (41.2%).