DIAGNOSTIC AND THERAPEUTIC LAPAROSCOPY FOR ABDOMINAL INJURIES. REVIEW

Abstract

Introduction. In patients, abdominal injuries are associated with serious complications leading to death. The incidence of penetrating trauma varies greatly around the world. Similarly, worldwide experience with laparoscopy in trauma patients varies. Researchers have proven that laparoscopy is playing an increasingly important role in patients with abdominal trauma. Aim. To analyze the literature reflecting current information on diagnostic and therapeutic laparoscopy for abdominal injuries. Search strategy. This study included publications, preferably in English, taken for analysis from the most relevant databases, such as: PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science Core Collection. Key queries included the following terms: diagnostic laparoscopy, therapeutic laparoscopy, diagnostic laparoscopy for abdominal trauma, therapeutic laparoscopy for abdominal trauma, then approaches to abdominal trauma and comparison of laparotomy and laparoscopic surgery for abdominal trauma. The depth of the search was mainly up to 30 years, since the topic is rare, there are not many sources  from recent years, so works from earlier years that have significant scientific value were also considered. 102 articles were found, of which 71 articles were selected for analysis. Results and conclusions. The literature review highlights modern issues of laparoscopy for abdominal trauma. The approaches and strategy for choosing between laparoscopy and laparotomy are discussed. The diagnostic and therapeutic value of laparoscopy is presented in the form of various clinical results. Comparison of treatment results between laparoscopy and laparotomy in the postoperative period for a number of indicators - mortality, complications, hospital stay. In this review, laparoscopy has become the method of choice for many acute surgical conditions. Over the years, the number and importance of laparoscopic operations has increased. However, more carefully designed randomized clinical trials are needed to confirm the value of laparoscopy in the diagnosis and treatment of abdominal trauma.